
Nearly three months ago—April 7, to be exact—I was selected to participate in a Transformational Leadership course scheduled for June 9–20, 2025, in Arusha, Tanzania. I submitted my application on March 24, the final deadline and the same day I received the request to apply. It was during Ramadan. Fortunately, I was nominated and then selected for the course, which was tailored for leaders from both governmental and non-governmental institutions across Africa.
I was particularly excited because this would be my first time visiting Arusha—a city often referenced in Somali history. It was in Arusha that Somali Prime Minister Mohamed Haji Ibrahim Egal signed an agreement with Kenya’s first President, Jomo Kenyatta, in October 1967, which ended the Shifta War, a conflict rooted in Somalia’s irredentist aspiration to unite Kenya’s Somali-inhabited Northern Frontier District (NFD) with the Somali Republic.
There’s no direct flight from Mogadishu to Arusha, so I traveled via Bole International Airport in Addis Ababa. Although the layover was brief, the gate for my connecting flight was changed twice, forcing me (and other participants of the training) to navigate across the terminal multiple times. When boarding time came, we were ushered onto an airport bus, even though the plane wasn’t ready. We remained inside the hot, unventilated bus on the runway for several minutes, sweating and asking the driver to open the windows. Eventually, we boarded a larger Ethiopian Airlines aircraft than the one I had flown from Mogadishu. The return flight from Kilimanjaro International Airport to Addis Ababa was also a big plane, which had onboard internet service priced at $10 for one hour or $25 for two hours, with access codes provided upon purchase.
We landed at Kilimanjaro International Airport on the evening of June 8. Unlike the busy Addis Ababa airport, ours was the only flight arriving at that time. I got to know other participants of the training we were traveling with outside the arrival gate as we waited for the bus taking us to Arusha. Since the airport is located in the Kilimanjaro Region, we had to drive to Arusha, the capital of the neighboring Arusha Region. The bus had internet, and we had the chance to inform our families that we had safely arrived in Tanzania after hours without internet. The roads in the Kilimanjaro area were well-built and scenic, especially the road leading to the airport. However, the roads in the Arusha Region were less developed; we had to drop off the tarmac road several times as construction was going on. After nearly two hours, we finally arrived at the MS Training Centre for Development Cooperation (MS TCDC), located about 20 kilometers outside Arusha.
Arusha is a cold city, and it rained on some days during my stay. At night, it was even colder. The MS Training Centre for Development Cooperation compound is a green environment with accommodation, a restaurant, and conference facilities. It provides an excellent environment for learning. Located outside Arusha city, it reduces distractions for trainees that come with staying in an urban area. This would be my home for the next 13 days.
I toured around the MS TCDC compound and visited Pan Africa House, where flags of African countries were displayed alongside photos of Tanzania’s founding father, Julius Nyerere, and the current president, Samia Suluhu Hassan. Our training room was named “Nyerere” in honor of Julius Nyerere, Tanzania’s founding father. One of the rooms was called Somalia.
The MS TCDC restaurant served a wide variety of food. We had two snack breaks daily, so the abundance of food probably added a few pounds to participants. Each morning, drinks like lemon water, cucumber water, tropical juice, and tamarind juice were available at the restaurant. I first tried the tamarind juice, but its tangy, sweet-sour flavor was too strong for me. I usually settled for tropical juice with just a dash of tamarind. Ginger tea was consistently served during breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snack breaks. The snacks varied from day to day and included items like cooked sugarcane and peanuts.
Participants in the Transformational Leadership course came from various African countries, including Kenya, Ghana, Tanzania, Zambia, South Africa, and Somalia. I was the only Somali representative and the only one attending on behalf of a research institution. Most participants were senior officials from national and local governments, as well as leaders from NGOs focused on human rights and children’s welfare.
The first week of training, facilitated by Dr. Edson Nyingi, began with setting ground rules, including penalties for late arrivals to class and the use of mobile phones and computers during class. We appointed a class president, timekeeper, and treasurer. These fines were later used to fund our weekend outing. Week one covered the fundamentals of transformational leadership and how it differs from other leadership styles like servant and transactional leadership. We delved into effective communication, influence, team leadership, vision articulation, storytelling, emotional intelligence, and feminist leadership. The week concluded with discussions on the leader’s role in fostering innovation, design thinking, and the 70/20/10 model for organizational creativity.
Week two, led by Dr. Ramsey Lyimo, focused on essential transformational leadership topics including leading change and managing resistance (with particular emphasis on cross-functional HR leadership), ethical leadership and integrity, visionary leadership and strategic thinking, as well as coaching and mentoring for development. These comprehensive topics generated robust discussions among participants, who shared valuable comparative experiences from their respective countries. The week concluded with a personal branding session followed by a brief certificate awarding ceremony and a group photo.
One of the most memorable experiences from my visit to Arusha was our weekend excursion to Materuni Waterfall in the Kilimanjaro Region. Along with fellow training participants, we had planned to explore Tanzania’s scenic attractions that weekend, including both Materuni Waterfall and Mount Kilimanjaro—Africa’s highest mountain. Unfortunately, weather conditions prevented us from visiting the mountain. The drive to Materuni took nearly three hours, covering about 75 kilometers from our center.
Materuni Waterfall is located in Materuni Village within the Kilimanjaro Region. After registering and paying the tourist fees and renting rubber boots (commonly known as Wellington boots), we began our hike. Our guide informed us that the hike would take about one hour to reach the waterfall and another hour to return. The rain that day made the trail slippery, adding an extra challenge to the journey. However, the rain also meant more water in the waterfall, which was great. Along the path, we saw many other tourists—mostly international visitors—going to and returning from the waterfall and passed vendors selling water, fresh fruits, and traditional crafts.
One of the highlights was encountering a local musician who performed the iconic “Jambo Bwana” song, a cheerful Kilimanjaro anthem that welcomed hikers. He started singing for our group. Further along the trail, we spotted others practicing boxing as we continued our hike.
After more than an hour of hiking, we finally reached the amazing Materuni Waterfall. The water fell from a very far mount. It was very cold, and one could not stay for more than a few minutes. We took photos and some videos to document that rare moment. The experience was worth all the effort and long hours of coming to Materuni and hiking. We returned from the hike tired, but with a great experience, and had lunch together in the afternoon before heading back to our compound.
On the way back, we had the opportunity to see Mount Kilimanjaro, parked the vehicle, and took some photos with the mountain in view. We consoled ourselves that we had at least seen Mount Kilimanjaro, albeit from afar.
After concluding the two-week training, I had the opportunity to visit the town. Catherine Njuguna-Maguzu, a development professional and fellow training participant, drove four of us to Arusha downtown on Friday afternoon. At my request, she first took us to a Somali Kulan Restaurant—which she fortunately knew well, being a regular customer herself. She described the restaurant’s delicious food.
Upon arrival, Abdullahi, the owner, warmly welcomed us and asked what we would like to eat. We asked for Somali tea with camel milk and cappuccino, as we wanted to do some shopping in the short time we had. It was the first time Catherine (a Tanzanian), Yakubu Kanyiri (a Ghanaian), and Kariuki (Kenyan) colleagues had tried tea with camel milk. When they asked if Abdullahi and I were relatives, I told them that we were both Somali. They were surprised when they found out that the tea and coffee were free—a welcoming gesture. This reminded me that despite Somalia’s governance challenges, Somalis possess unique cultural virtues rarely found elsewhere in Africa or beyond. Seeing a fellow Somali in Arusha was great. Hodan Hassan, a Somali Public Agenda board member, made the connection possible as she had told me about the restaurant and recommended I visit ahead of my trip. She shared the address and also informed the owner, who asked me why I could not come to him early on.
We explored the town by shopping, eating street food, and riding bajaj (three-wheeled taxis) as we roamed around the city. It was an unforgettable experience made possible by Catherine’s generosity—she had canceled an afternoon appointment just to show us around and help us experience daily life in Arusha.
My time in Arusha was filled with unforgettable memories and enriching experiences. Beyond the incredible exposure to learning, networking with other leaders, and exploring Arusha and Kilimanjaro, it gave me a space to reflect and refocus on my priorities—particularly in the afternoon after concluding the training sessions around 4:30 p.m. This journey has been transformative in ways I’m only beginning to understand.
To Arusha: Thank you for your warmth, lessons, and experiences. You’ll be dearly missed.
Is a researcher, teacher, podcaster and blogger. His work over the last decade has focused on teaching and researching governance, justice and social services in Somalia.
2 Responses
Well narrated Mahad!
An exciting and capturing read and certainly inviting to anyone who hasn’t been there.
Thankyou for your valuable contributions and support in and outside class!
Keep the flame burning and aiming highest!
You’re inspiring!
Many thanks Suzgo for the kind words. Keep up the good work in Zambia.